span.h

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#ifndef GUL17_SPAN_H_
#define GUL17_SPAN_H_
 
#include <array>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdio>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <type_traits>
 
#include "gul17/traits.h"
 
namespace gul17 {
 
 
constexpr std::size_t dynamic_extent = SIZE_MAX;
 
template <typename ElementType, std::size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
class span;
 
namespace detail {
 
template <typename E, std::size_t S>
struct span_storage {
    constexpr span_storage() noexcept = default;
 
    constexpr span_storage(E* pointer, std::size_t /*unused*/) noexcept : ptr(pointer)
    {}
 
    E* ptr = nullptr;
    static constexpr std::size_t size = S;
};
 
template <typename E>
struct span_storage<E, dynamic_extent> {
    constexpr span_storage() noexcept = default;
 
    constexpr span_storage(E* pointer, std::size_t sz) noexcept
        : ptr(pointer), size(sz)
    {}
 
    E* ptr = nullptr;
    std::size_t size = 0;
};
 
template <class C>
constexpr auto size(const C& c) -> decltype(c.size())
{
    return c.size();
}
 
template <class T, std::size_t N>
constexpr std::size_t size(const T (&)[N]) noexcept
{
    return N;
}
 
template <class C>
constexpr auto data(C& c) -> decltype(c.data())
{
    return c.data();
}
 
template <class C>
constexpr auto data(const C& c) -> decltype(c.data())
{
    return c.data();
}
 
template <class T, std::size_t N>
constexpr T* data(T (&array)[N]) noexcept
{
    return array;
}
 
template <class E>
constexpr const E* data(std::initializer_list<E> il) noexcept
{
    return il.begin();
}
 
template <typename>
struct is_span : std::false_type {};
 
template <typename T, std::size_t S>
struct is_span<span<T, S>> : std::true_type {};
 
template <typename>
struct is_std_array : std::false_type {};
 
template <typename T, std::size_t N>
struct is_std_array<std::array<T, N>> : std::true_type {};
 
template <typename, typename = void>
struct has_size_and_data : std::false_type {};
 
template <typename T>
struct has_size_and_data<T, std::void_t<decltype(detail::size(std::declval<T>())),
                                   decltype(detail::data(std::declval<T>()))>>
    : std::true_type {};
 
template <typename C, typename U = remove_cvref_t<C>>
struct is_container {
    static constexpr bool value =
        !is_span<U>::value && !is_std_array<U>::value &&
        !std::is_array<U>::value && has_size_and_data<C>::value;
};
 
template <typename T>
using remove_pointer_t = typename std::remove_pointer<T>::type;
 
template <typename, typename, typename = void>
struct is_container_element_type_compatible : std::false_type {};
 
template <typename T, typename E>
struct is_container_element_type_compatible<
    T, E, std::void_t<decltype(detail::data(std::declval<T>()))>>
    : std::is_convertible<
          remove_pointer_t<decltype(detail::data(std::declval<T>()))> (*)[],
          E (*)[]> {};
 
template <typename, typename = size_t>
struct is_complete : std::false_type {};
 
template <typename T>
struct is_complete<T, decltype(sizeof(T))> : std::true_type {};
 
} // namespace detail
 
 
 
 
template <typename ElementType, std::size_t Extent>
class span {
    static_assert(std::is_object<ElementType>::value,
                  "A span's ElementType must be an object type (not a "
                  "reference type or void)");
    static_assert(detail::is_complete<ElementType>::value,
                  "A span's ElementType must be a complete type (not a forward "
                  "declaration)");
    static_assert(!std::is_abstract<ElementType>::value,
                  "A span's ElementType cannot be an abstract class type");
 
    using storage_type = detail::span_storage<ElementType, Extent>;
 
public:
    // constants and types
    using element_type = ElementType; 
    using value_type = typename std::remove_cv<ElementType>::type; 
    using index_type = std::size_t; 
    using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t; 
    using pointer = element_type*; 
    using const_pointer = const element_type*; 
    using reference = element_type&; 
    using iterator = pointer; 
    using const_iterator = const_pointer; 
    using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>; 
    using const_reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>; 
 
    static constexpr index_type extent = Extent;
 
    // [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
    template <
        std::size_t E = Extent,
        typename std::enable_if<(E == dynamic_extent || E <= 0), int>::type = 0>
    constexpr span() noexcept
    {}
 
    constexpr span(pointer ptr, index_type count)
        : storage_(ptr, count)
    {}
 
    constexpr span(pointer first_elem, pointer last_elem)
        : storage_(first_elem, static_cast<index_type>(last_elem - first_elem))
    {}
 
    template <std::size_t N, std::size_t E = Extent,
              typename std::enable_if<
                  (E == dynamic_extent || N == E) &&
                      detail::is_container_element_type_compatible<
                          element_type (&)[N], ElementType>::value,
                  int>::type = 0>
    constexpr span(element_type (&arr)[N]) noexcept : storage_(arr, N)
    {}
 
    template <std::size_t N, std::size_t E = Extent,
              typename std::enable_if<
                  (E == dynamic_extent || N == E) &&
                      detail::is_container_element_type_compatible<
                          std::array<value_type, N>&, ElementType>::value,
                  int>::type = 0>
    span(std::array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept
        : storage_(arr.data(), N)
    {}
 
    template <std::size_t N, std::size_t E = Extent,
              typename std::enable_if<
                  (E == dynamic_extent || N == E) &&
                      detail::is_container_element_type_compatible<
                          const std::array<value_type, N>&, ElementType>::value,
                  int>::type = 0>
    span(const std::array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept
        : storage_(arr.data(), N)
    {}
 
    template <
        typename Container, std::size_t E = Extent,
        typename std::enable_if<
            E == dynamic_extent && detail::is_container<Container>::value &&
                detail::is_container_element_type_compatible<
                    Container&, ElementType>::value,
            int>::type = 0>
    constexpr span(Container& cont)
        : storage_(detail::data(cont), detail::size(cont))
    {}
 
    template <
        typename Container, std::size_t E = Extent,
        typename std::enable_if<
            E == dynamic_extent && detail::is_container<Container>::value &&
                detail::is_container_element_type_compatible<
                    const Container&, ElementType>::value,
            int>::type = 0>
    constexpr span(const Container& cont)
        : storage_(detail::data(cont), detail::size(cont))
    {}
 
    constexpr span(const span& other) noexcept = default;
 
    template <typename OtherElementType, std::size_t OtherExtent,
              typename std::enable_if<
                  (Extent == OtherExtent || Extent == dynamic_extent) &&
                      std::is_convertible<OtherElementType (*)[],
                                          ElementType (*)[]>::value,
                  int>::type = 0>
    constexpr span(const span<OtherElementType, OtherExtent>& other) noexcept
        : storage_(other.data(), other.size())
    {}
 
    ~span() noexcept = default;
 
    constexpr span&
    operator=(const span& other) noexcept = default;
 
    // [span.sub], span subviews
    template <std::size_t Count>
    constexpr span<element_type, Count> first() const
    {
        return {data(), Count};
    }
 
    template <std::size_t Count>
    constexpr span<element_type, Count> last() const
    {
        return {data() + (size() - Count), Count};
    }
 
    template <std::size_t Offset, std::size_t Count = dynamic_extent>
    using subspan_return_t =
        span<ElementType, Count != dynamic_extent
                              ? Count
                              : (Extent != dynamic_extent ? Extent - Offset
                                                          : dynamic_extent)>;
 
    template <std::size_t Offset, std::size_t Count = dynamic_extent>
    constexpr subspan_return_t<Offset, Count> subspan() const
    {
        return {data() + Offset,
                Count != dynamic_extent ? Count : size() - Offset};
    }
 
    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
    first(index_type count) const
    {
        return {data(), count};
    }
 
    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
    last(index_type count) const
    {
        return {data() + (size() - count), count};
    }
 
    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
    subspan(index_type offset, index_type count = dynamic_extent) const
    {
        return {data() + offset,
                count == dynamic_extent ? size() - offset : count};
    }
 
    // [span.obs], span observers
    constexpr index_type size() const noexcept { return storage_.size; }
 
    constexpr index_type size_bytes() const noexcept
    {
        return size() * sizeof(element_type);
    }
 
    constexpr bool empty() const noexcept
    {
        return size() == 0;
    }
 
    // [span.elem], span element access
    constexpr reference operator[](index_type idx) const
    {
        return *(data() + idx);
    }
 
    constexpr reference front() const
    {
        return *data();
    }
 
    constexpr reference back() const
    {
        return *(data() + (size() - 1));
    }
 
    constexpr pointer data() const noexcept { return storage_.ptr; }
 
    // [span.iterators], span iterator support
    constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept { return data(); }
 
    constexpr iterator end() const noexcept { return data() + size(); }
 
    constexpr const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept { return begin(); }
 
    constexpr const_iterator cend() const noexcept { return end(); }
 
    reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept
    {
        return reverse_iterator(end());
    }
 
    reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept
    {
        return reverse_iterator(begin());
    }
 
    const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept
    {
        return const_reverse_iterator(cend());
    }
 
    const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept
    {
        return const_reverse_iterator(cbegin());
    }
 
    friend constexpr iterator begin(span s) noexcept { return s.begin(); }
 
    friend constexpr iterator end(span s) noexcept { return s.end(); }
 
private:
    storage_type storage_{};
};
 
 
/* Comparison operators */
// Implementation note: the implementations of == and < are equivalent to
// 4-legged std::equal and std::lexicographical_compare respectively
 
template <typename T, std::size_t X, typename U, std::size_t Y>
constexpr bool operator==(span<T, X> lhs, span<U, Y> rhs)
{
    if (lhs.size() != rhs.size()) {
        return false;
    }
 
    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < lhs.size(); i++) {
        if (lhs[i] != rhs[i]) {
            return false;
        }
    }
 
    return true;
}
 
template <typename T, std::size_t X, typename U, std::size_t Y>
constexpr bool operator!=(span<T, X> lhs, span<U, Y> rhs)
{
    return !(lhs == rhs);
}
 
template <typename T, std::size_t X, typename U, std::size_t Y>
constexpr bool operator<(span<T, X> lhs, span<U, Y> rhs)
{
    // No std::min to avoid dragging in <algorithm>
    const std::size_t size = lhs.size() < rhs.size() ? lhs.size() : rhs.size();
 
    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        if (lhs[i] < rhs[i]) {
            return true;
        }
        if (lhs[i] > rhs[i]) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return lhs.size() < rhs.size();
}
 
template <typename T, std::size_t X, typename U, std::size_t Y>
constexpr bool operator<=(span<T, X> lhs, span<U, Y> rhs)
{
    return !(rhs < lhs);
}
 
template <typename T, std::size_t X, typename U, std::size_t Y>
constexpr bool operator>(span<T, X> lhs, span<U, Y> rhs)
{
    return rhs < lhs;
}
 
template <typename T, std::size_t X, typename U, std::size_t Y>
constexpr bool operator>=(span<T, X> lhs, span<U, Y> rhs)
{
    return !(lhs < rhs);
}
 
 
template <typename ElementType, std::size_t Extent>
span<const unsigned char, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent
                                             : sizeof(ElementType) * Extent)>
as_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept
{
    return {reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.data()), s.size_bytes()};
}
 
template <
    class ElementType, size_t Extent,
    typename std::enable_if<!std::is_const<ElementType>::value, int>::type = 0>
span<unsigned char, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent
                                       : sizeof(ElementType) * Extent)>
as_writable_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept
{
    return {reinterpret_cast<unsigned char *>(s.data()), s.size_bytes()};
}
 
template <std::size_t N, typename E, std::size_t S>
constexpr auto get(span<E, S> s) -> decltype(s[N])
{
    return s[N];
}
 
 
} // namespace gul17
 
 
namespace std {
 
template <typename ElementType, size_t Extent>
class tuple_size<gul17::span<ElementType, Extent>>
    : public integral_constant<size_t, Extent> {};
 
template <typename ElementType>
class tuple_size<gul17::span<ElementType, gul17::dynamic_extent>>; // not defined
 
template <size_t I, typename ElementType, size_t Extent>
class tuple_element<I, gul17::span<ElementType, Extent>> {
public:
    static_assert(Extent != gul17::dynamic_extent && I < Extent, "");
    using type = ElementType;
};
 
} // namespace std
 
#endif
 
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